Biological and biochemical characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens UTPF5 as a plant probiotic bacterium in Iran
negar
bagheri
گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه تهران
author
مسعود
احمدزاده
استاد گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه تهران
author
روح الله
شریفی
استادیار دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه
author
روح الله
صابری ریسه
استادیار دانشگاه رفسنجان
author
احسان
محمدخانی
دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد
author
text
article
2016
per
Finding new strains of plant probiotic bacteria is an important step in commercialization process. In this study, the biological and biochemical features of Pseudomonas fluorescens UTPF5 is evaluated as an important bacterium in Iran. Production of several metabolites such as auxin, hydrogen cyanide, siderophore and DAPG, as well as biofilm formation and regulator systems was studied. In addition, inhibition of growth Rhizoctonia solani was determined. Results showed that strain UTPF5 produced all mentioned biocontrol-related metabolites except phenazin. Addition of Fe2+ reduced the production of siderophore but increased hydrogen cyanide. The strain UTPF5 produced Gac/Rsm signal and increased hcnA and RsmZ expression. It produced no AHL signal. Biocontrol potential and plant growth promotion in sunflower, millet, canola and bean was described by application of the bacterium in greenhouse trials.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
2322-4223
3
v.
2
no.
2016
1
17
https://jbiocontrol.areeo.ac.ir/article_103345_04a708d7609ef475b878ccb0f33a7bc6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/bcpp.2016.103345
Effect of temperature on developmental rate of Hippodamia variegata by feeding on pomegranate green aphid, Aphis punicae
ایمان
رمضانی
دانشگاه ولی عصر
author
محمد امین
سمیع
دانشگاه ولی عصر
author
text
article
2016
per
Characteristics such as lower developmental time, higher fertility and a large body size of natural enemies as biological control agents are important for mass rearing. Hippodamia variegate (Goeze) (Col.: Coccinellidae) is one of the major predators of pests in the gardens of Iran. The effect of six constant temperatures, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5 and 30 (±1) ºC were investigated on the development of the predator by feeding on the pomegranate green aphid Aphis punicae (Hem.: Aphididae) in growth chamber at 65±5 %RH and 16L: 8D h conditions. The results showed that there were significant differences among developmental times of the studied coccinellid in examined temperatures. The developmental time of H. variegata were 46.01± 1.541, 23.77 ± 0.311, 16.02 ± 0.16, 11.66 ± 0.12, 10.45 ± 0.20 and 13.35 ± 0.33 days on above mentioned temperatures, respectively. Developmental rate of predatory coccinellid increased linearly in relation to temperature to 27.5 ºC. The lowest mortality was observed at 20 and 27.5ºC among the above mentioned temperatures. Two mathematical models, including common and Ikemoto and Takai linear models, were used to describe temperature-dependent development of the H. variegata. Based on the statistical criteria, whereas the common linear model had shown an acceptable fit to data, Ikemoto and Takai linear model estimated thermal indices more precisely than common linear model. Estimated values for lower temperature threshold for incubation period, total larval period, pupal period and overall immature stages of the H. variegata were 11.15, 14.13, 15.52 and 13.99 °C, respectively, and the values of the thermal requirement for the aforementioned developmental stages were 44.69, 79.22, 23.62 and 157.34 degree-days, respectively, by using Ikemoto and Takai linear model. Moreover, mathematical models for description of temperature-dependent development of the coccinellid developmental stages were presented. The results showed that optimum temperature was 25 to 27.5ºC for the rearing of the lady beetle.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
2322-4223
3
v.
2
no.
2016
19
34
https://jbiocontrol.areeo.ac.ir/article_103346_1ed28ee10ee70c7ee177236c6756989a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/bcpp.2016.103346
Side effects of some herbal insecticides on Bemisia tabaci and Encarsia formosa
ریحانه
براتی
دانشگاه تبریز
author
غلامرضا
گل محمدی
موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور
author
رضیه
منصوری
پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران
author
text
article
2016
per
Encarsia formosa is one of the natural enemies of whiteflies. Chemical control of pests often results in exposure of helpful insects including E. formosa. Plant extracts may provide an alternative method to common pesticides. In this research the mortality effects of two plant extracts, Allium sativum and Calotropis procera, were assessed in compare to neemarin and pymetrozine, on pupa and adults of E. formosa. Also, repellency effects of the studied treatments were evaluated on adults of silverleaf whitefly, 3 and 24 hours after treatment. The most toxic compound for pupa was azadirachtin which caused 100% mortality. This value was followed by extracts of C. procera and A. sativum. The mortality caused by pymetrozine did not differ from control significantly. Toxicity of the treatments for the adults was as follows azadirachtin > C. procera > pymetrozine > A. sativum. Also, extract of C. procera in both period times and azadirachtin three hours after application had significant repellency effects for silverleaf whitefly. According to the results, azadirachtin application is harmful for both tested stages of E. formosa. If similar results are obtained from field trials, its usage requires necessary precautions. The findings of this study can be useful for improving of IPM programs.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
2322-4223
3
v.
2
no.
2016
35
45
https://jbiocontrol.areeo.ac.ir/article_103347_1c6a2ff27f67f1da74aeab84f1493afb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/bcpp.2016.103347
Evaluation of the life table characteristics of three species of the genus Trichogramma on the carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae under laboratory conditions
seyedeh elahe
mohseni
Professor university PN
author
habib
Abbasipour
Associate Prof. of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shahed University
author
mohamadreza
attaran
Assistant Prof. of Biological control Department, Institute of Plant Protection of Iran
author
alireza
askarinzadeh
Assistant Prof. of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shahed University
author
text
article
2016
per
The carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lep.: Pyralidae) is the most important pest of pomegranate in Iran which annually causes considerable damages. Trichogramma wasps are one of the main factors in biological control of this pest, which can be used effectively to reduce damage. In this research, biological parameters of three species ofTrichogrammatids viz. T. brassicae, T. emryophagum and T. pintoi were evaluated on the carob moth, (E. ceratoniae) eggs under the laboratory conditions. The results showed that reproductive period, post-reproductive period and adult life span for T. brassicae reared on the carob moth were 7.8, 0.9, 8.7 days, respectively. These parameters for T. embryophagum were 8.2, 1.00, 9.2 days and for T. pintoi were 7.4, 1.1, 8.5 days, respectively. The studied species lacked pre-reproductive period. The results also showed that gross reproductive rate (GRR), intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), mean generation time (T) and finite rate of population increase (λ) for T. brassicae reared on the carob moth were 38.021 (eggs), 0.286 (day-1), 12.659 (days), 1.330(day-1), respectively. The above calculated parameters for T. embryophagum reared on the same host were 39.247 (eggs), 0.311 (day-1), 11.659 (days), and 1.365 (day-1), and for T. pintoi they were 28.626 (eggs), 0.262 (day-1), 12.558 (days), and 1.300 (day-1), respectively, that were significantly different. It can be concluded that efficiency of T. embryophagum species compared with two other species, T. brassicae and T. pintoi on the carob moth eggs was higher. Therefore, it is recommended to use this species in integrated pest management program.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
2322-4223
3
v.
2
no.
2016
47
58
https://jbiocontrol.areeo.ac.ir/article_103348_ffb9b5d548ebc414deeb90199087d7bc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/bcpp.2016.103348
Isolation and identification of cucumber rhizospheric fluorescent pseudomonads and evaluation of their antagonistic potential as biocontrol agents
Samad
Rafiei
Bu Ali Sina University
author
Gholam
Khodakaramian
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina
author
text
article
2016
per
Fluorescent pseudomonads are important group of plant growth promoting bacteria that can improve the plant growth and restrict or suppress phytopathogens directly or indirectly. The aim of this study was to obtain fluorescent pseudomonads with efficient antagonistic activities. For performing this research, a total of 120 bacterial isolates belonging to Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. putida were isolated from different cucumber rhizospheric soil in Hamedan province. Then, the isolates were screened for their plant growth promoting traits and antibacterial activity. These isolates also were screened against Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans. So, According to the results of in vitro studies, five antagonistic strains (BSU390, BSU630, BSU205, BSU161 and BSU391) with inhibition diameter >7 mm were selected. The range of inhibition diameter for these isolate was 7.66 to 22 mm. Also, during in vivo study, the strains were evaluated for their effect in suppressing disease development in terms of area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and increasing biomass of cucumber. The results of greenhouse experiments revealed that strains BSU390, BSU205, and BSU630, showed high biocontrol efficacy. During the sole application, the strains significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased plant height and dry matter compared to non-bacterized control. Hence, the study shows that these isolates have potential use in cucumber bioprotection, as PGPR or in an integrated disease management; However, their effectiveness under a variety of field conditions should be investigated.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
2322-4223
3
v.
2
no.
2016
59
75
https://jbiocontrol.areeo.ac.ir/article_103349_0e1e434b9784c9d904d4c029626ad411.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/bcpp.2016.103349
Age-stage two-sex life table and predation capacity of Nesidiocoris tenuis feeding on Trialeurodes vaporariorum on three important greenhouse crops
محمدرضا
باقری
Agricultural and Natural Resources Research of Isfahan
author
Mehdi
Hassanpour
Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Science College, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
author
Ali
Golizadeh
Department of Plant Protection, Agricultura Science College, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
author
shahram
farrokhi
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
author
Mohammad Amin
Samia
Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Science College, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan
author
text
article
2016
per
The predatory bug Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter is one of the most important natural enemies of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood. In this research, age-stage two-sex life table and predation rate of this predator by feeding on second instar nymphs of T. vaporariorum were studied at 25±2 oC, 65±10% RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (L:D) on eggplant, cucumber and tomato plants. The means and SEs were estimated using 100,000 bootstrap replications. Pre-adult developmental time of the predator on eggplant, cucumber and tomato were 23.94±0.12, 22.94±0.27 and 22.43±0.21 days; female longevity were 21.2±0.49, 25±0.24 and 24.2±0.78 days, male longevity were 26.16±1.91, 28.92±1.46 and 29.25±1.43 days, and fecundity of the predator were estimated to be 84.36±3.17, 114.44±2.32 and 122.73±4.92 eggs, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) and net reproduction rate (R0) of the predator were 0.102±0.0052, 0.111±0.0054 and 0.117±0.0046 (d-1), and 30.13±4.94, 40.87±6.6 and 52.6±7.53 (eggs), respectively. The highest net predation rate (C0) of the predator was obtained on tomato (1803.59±135.9 whitefly nymphs/ predator) which was significantly higher than those estimated on two other host plants (1337.17±114.27 on cucumber and 1163.27±105.81 on eggplant). Difference in transformation rate from prey population to predator offspring (Qp) were not significant between three host plants and were estimated to be 34.29±3.12, 32.72±3.97 and 38.61±4.41 for tomato, cucumber and eggplant, respectively. Overall, in the current study, compared with two other host plants, tomato was more appropriate plant for developing and predatory activity of this predator.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
2322-4223
3
v.
2
no.
2016
96
77
https://jbiocontrol.areeo.ac.ir/article_105596_02d38b65a03a1505048e9e252a8cbb11.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/bcpp.2016.105596
Evaluation of the efficacy of some biological insecticides for reducing damage and conserving the parasitoids of grape berry moth, Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Urmia vineyards
غلامعلی
اکبرزاده شوکت
گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
Mohammad Hassan
Safaralizadeh
استاد گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
حسین
رنجبر اقدم پازیگویی
عضو هیات علمی بخش تحقیقات کنترل بیولوژیک موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور
author
شهرام
آرمیده
استادیار گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشگاه ارومیه
author
text
article
2016
per
The grape berry moth, Lobesia botrana is the key pest of the vineyards of Iran. In this study, the efficacy of some bio-insecticides was evaluated for controlling damage of the grape berry moth and conservation of its larval parasitoids. Evaluated treatments were BTK (Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki), Neem Azal (Azadirachtin A EC1%), mixture of BTK and Neem Azal, Bio1 (Matrine), Basudin and control treatment. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized block design with 4 replications in a vineyard located in Urmia. Evaluation of treatments efficacy was carried out 7 and 14 days after spraying by using two indices, the percentage of the bunch infestation and the number of larval nest per 100 bunches. According to the results, there was significant difference among treatments at 1% probability level. The highest efficacy was observed in treatments of Basudin and Bio1, without significant difference between them. Percentages of the bunch infestation were 7.50% and 6.75% and number of larval nest per 100 bunches were 11.75 and 12.00 in Basudin and Bio1 treatments, respectively. Nevertheless, BTK with 34.5% bunch infestation and 64.75 larval nest/100 bunches had the least effect on pest control. Moreover, total percentages of larval parasitism were 9.6, 12.8, 13.9, 14.3, 0, and 14.6 in BTK, Neem Azal, BTK + Neem Azal, Bio1, Basudin, and unsprayed control treatment, respectively. According to the obtained results, Bio1 insecticide can be recommended for controlling grape berry moth with the least undesired effects on larval parasitoids.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
2322-4223
3
v.
2
no.
2016
97
108
https://jbiocontrol.areeo.ac.ir/article_103029_d1371e6e521b017b605e4f7199d58621.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/bcpp.2016.103029
Evaluation of Trichogramma brassicae native populations as egg parasitoid of tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in the laboratory conditions
سیده راضیه
احمدی پور
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد
author
جهانشیر
شاکرمی
هیات علمی
author
شهرام
فرخی
هیات علمی
author
شهریار
جعفری
هیات علمی
author
text
article
2016
per
The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a devastating pest of tomato worldwide, originating from South America. As the key pest of tomato, it occurs in all stages of host plant and its damage and leads to the total destruction of the product. One of the control measures of T. absoluta is the use of biological control agents, such as Trichogramma wasp (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) as the egg parasitoid. Laboratory tests were undertaken to evaluate the potential of six populations of T. brassicae to control T. absoluta. A completely randomized design with 12 replications was employed to evaluate treatments. Tomato (cv. Nanhemz 6189) was used as host plant and all experiments were carried out at 25±1˚C, 70±10%RH and 16:8h (L:D). Mated Trichogramma females aged 12-24h, were placed individually on an infested tomato leaflet harbouring 30 T. absoluta fresh eggs (15 eggs in both sides of leaves) in a plastic glass (11×8.5cm). The parasitoid wasps were then removed from the glass after 24 hours. After five days the parasitized eggs were counted and the parasitism rate of T. absoluta eggs by T. brassicae populations was compared. The highest and lowest parasitism rate was achieved as 53.89±9.34 and 6.94±4.05 percent for Baboulsar and Some-e Sara populations, respectively. In addition, the average of T. absoluta eggs parasitized by T. brassicae populations was not significantly different on the both sides of tomato leaves.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
2322-4223
3
v.
2
no.
2016
109
122
https://jbiocontrol.areeo.ac.ir/article_105940_b1cc635f16ecc701c628246410432be0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/bcpp.2016.105940
Phylogenetic classification of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HaNPV), isolated from Tobacco fields in the north of Iran, using RAPD markers
مرضیه
شازده احمدی
شرکت دخانیات ایران-مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش توتون تیرتاش- محقق بخش بیوتکنولوژی
author
هدی
عاصمی
شرکت دخانیات ایران- مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش توتون تیرتاش- محقق بخش گیاه پزشکی
author
زین العابدین
شهادتی مقدم
شرکت دخانیات ایران- مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش توتون تیرتاش- محقق بخش بیوتکنولوژی
author
سید افشین
سجادی
شرکت دخانیات-مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش تیرتاش
author
محمدرضا
رضاپناه
تهران- موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور
author
text
article
2016
per
For screening Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HaNPV) isolated from tobacco fileds of Mazandaran and Golestan Provinces in northern Iran, out of 10 Operon RAPD primers (10-mer) that randomly selected, two primers (OPM-03 and OPM-16) which showed the highest polymorphism were selected. Phylogenetic analysis was done using PyElph software and UPGMA method. Then, phylogenetic tree and genetic distances table were drawn. The cluster analysis divides the 16 HaNPV isolates into five distinct groups. Such screening of HaNPV isolates is useful for improving biological control measures against tobacco budworm and cotton bollworm on different crops.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
2322-4223
3
v.
2
no.
2016
123
129
https://jbiocontrol.areeo.ac.ir/article_105939_2a9574807ccf66f3b7c2ba68d47b0139.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/bcpp.2016.105939