Insecticidal and repellent effects of essential oils from laurel, Laurus nobilis and eucalyptus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis against cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassica

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Biological Control Research Department, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae is one of the major pests of Cruciferae plants, especially cabbages and canola. In order to investigate the effect of plant essential oils to control of cabbage aphid, the contact effect of essential oils of laurel, Laurus nobilis and eucalyptus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves was evaluated on apterous morph adults of cabbage aphid. Bioassay experiments were carried out with essential oil concentrations causing 20-80% mortality to determine LC50 by Topical application. The experiment was done in a Germinator with 25±1ºC, 60±5% RH and photoperiod of 16:8 (L­:­D) at five replications and 10 aphid adults were placed on cabbage leaf disc in each Petri dish as one replication. According to the results, essential oils derived from the studied plants had contact effect on cabbage aphid. LC50 of laurel andeucalyptus essential oils on cabbage aphid wereestimated as high as 11563 and 16835 ppm, respectively, and so laurel essential oil was more effective than eucalyptus one. Results of the experiments conducted as completely randomized design with five replications also revealed that tested essential oils reduced the aphid's fecundity and longevity in comparison to the control, but laurel essential oil was more effective. Application of laurel essential oil caused up to 45.47% and 32.78% reduction in fecundity and longevity of cabbage aphid, respectively. Repellency activity of essential oils of laurel and eucalyptus was evaluated using an Olfactometer (model RZR). An increased repellency percentage was observed at higher concentration of the studied essential oils. Repellency of laurel’s essential oil was more than that of eucalyptus, so that repellency percentage was 86.67% for laurel and 10% for eucalyptus essential oils in LC50. Plant essential oils were extracted by Distillation method and their compounds were identified by GC-MS. Results showed that 1,8-cineole (a component with insecticidal effect) was the major component in L. nobilis (25.5%) and E. camaldulensis (35.14%) essential oils, respectively.

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References

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BioControl in Plant Protection
Volume 1, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
September 2013
Pages 1-11

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