The effect of beneficial Trichoderma species isolated from sodic and saline soils to control Fusarium root rot of cucumber (Fusarium solani)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Departmen of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran

Abstract

Trichoderma species are dominant organisms in most of soil microflora due to metabolic diversity and competitiveness and found approximately in all diverse habitats. In this study, four selected Trichoderma strains were evaluated to better control of cucumber stem and root rot disease caused by Fusarium solani. Cucumber germinated seeds were sown into inoculated soil with Trichoderma strains. Cucumber seedlings at forth leaf stages were inoculated with Fusarium. One month after inoculation by Fusarium, biocontrol effect of Trichoderma strains were evaluated by measuring the disease severity and cucumber growth factors. The results showed that Trichoderma strains were reduced disease severity and increased the growth factors in which both strains T189-4 (T. aureoviride) and T127-12 (T. harzianum) had the greatest impact on reducing infection with 91.67% in compare to untreated plants. The effect of Trichoderma strains on plant growth factors including root and stem length, dry and wet weight of root and stem, stem diameter and relative chlorophyll resulted that different Trichoderma strains have a posetive effects on increasing plant growth factors in which the strains T189-4 and T127-12 had the greatest effect on root dry weight in the presence of the pathogen, with 97% and 82%, respectively. These results indicated that the use of these Trichoderma native strains could be recommended for the control of Fusarium stem and root rot in the integrated management program of disease.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Akrami, M. 2015. Effects of Trichoderma spp. in bio-controlling Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 4(3): 241–245.
Akrami, M., Golzary, H. & Ahmadzadeh, M. 2011. Evaluation of different combinations of Trichoderma species for controlling Fusarium rot of lentil. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(14): 2653–2658.
Alizadeh, A. & Salari, Kh. 2016. Induction of systemic resistance (ISR) against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radiciscucumerinum on cucumber by isolates of Trichoderma and fluorescent Pseudomonads from cucumber rhizosphere. Applied Research in Plant Protection, 5: 215–225.
Altomare, C., Norvell, W.A., Björkman, T. & Harman, G.E. 1999. Solubilization of phosphates and micronutrients by the plant growth promoting and biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum Rifai 1295–22. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 65: 2926–2933.
Asadi, F., Alaei, H., Saberi Riseh, R. & Zeynadini, A. 2016. The effect of beneficial Trichoderma species isolated from alkaline and saline soils to control Fusarium wilt of cucumber (Fusarium solani). M.Sc. Thesis, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan.
Baker, R. 1988. Trichoderma sp. as plant-growth stimulants. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 37: 97–106.
Benitez, T., Rincon, A.M., Limon, M.C. & Codon, A.C. 2004. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. International Microbiology, 7(4):249–260.
Cotxarrera, L., Trillas-Gay, M.I., Steinberg, C. & Alabouvette, C. 2002. Use of sewage sludge compost and Trichoderma asperellum isolates to suppress Fusarium wilt of tomato. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34: 467–476.
Dubey, S.C., Suresh, M. & Singh, B. 2007. Evaluation of Trichoderma species against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris for integrated management of chickpea wilt. Biological Control, 40(1): 118–127.
Ebtsam, M.H., Abdel-Kawi, K.A. & Khalil, M.N.A. 2009. Efficiency of Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtillis as biocontrol agents Fusarium solani on tomato plants. Phytopathology, 37(1): 47–57.
Edraki, V. & Banihashemi, Z. 2010. Phenotypic diversity among isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina and ITS relation to pathogenicity. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 46(4): 93–100.
Eifediyi, E.K. & Remison, S.U. 2010. Growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as influenced by farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizer. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 2: 216–220
El-Hasan, A., Walker, F. & Buchenauer, H. 2008. Trichoderma harzianum and its metabolite 6‐Pentyl‐alpha‐pyrone suppress fusaric acid produced by Fusarium moniliforme. Journal of Phytopathology, 156: 79–87.
El-Mohamedy, R.S.R., Abd El-Samad, E.H., Hoda, A.M., Habib, T. & Fath El-Bab, S.H. 2011. Effect of using biocontrol agents on growth, yield, head quality and root rot control in broccoli plants grown under greenhouse conditions. International Journal of Academic Research, 3(2): 71–80.
Fahri, Y. & Murta, D. 2007. Control of Fusarium wilt of tomato by combination of fluorescent Pseudomonas, non-pathogen Fusarium and Trichoderma harzianum T22 in greenhouse conditions. Plant Pathology Journal, 6(2): 159–163.
Ghisalberti, E.L. & Rowland, C.Y. 1993. Antifungal metabolites from Trichoderma harzianum. Natural Products, 56(10): 1799–1804.
Haran, S., Schickler, H. & Chet, I. 1996. Molecular mechanisms of lytic enzymes involved in the biocontrol activity of Trichoderma harzianum. Microbiology, 142: 2321–2331.
Harman, G.E., Howell, C.R., Viterbo, A., Chet, I. & Lorito, M. 2004. Trichoderma species–opportunistic, avirulent plant symbions. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2: 43–56.
Howell, C.R. 2002. Cotton seedling preemergence damping-off incited by Rhizopus oryzae and Pythium spp. and its biological control with Trichoderma spp. Phytopathology, 92: 177–180.
Inbar, J., Abramsky, M., Cohen, D. & Chet, I. 1994. Plant growth enhancement and disease control by Trichoderma harzianum in vegetable seedlings grown under commercial conditions. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 100: 337–346.
Johnson, L.F., Curl, E.A., Bond, J.H. & Fribourg, H.A. 1959. Methods for Studying Soil Microflora-Plant Disease Relationships. Burgess Publishing Company, Minneapolis, MN., USA.
Khan, J., Ooka, J.J., Miller, S.A., Madden, L.V. & Hoitink, H.A.J. 2004. Systemic resistance induced by Trichoderma hamatum 382 in cucumber against Phytophthora crown rot and leaf blight. Plant Disease, 88: 280–286.
Kleifield, O. & Chet, I. 1992. Trichoderma harzianum: interaction with plants and effect on growth response. Plant and Soil, 144: 267–272.
Major, D., Banmeister, J. & Zhao, S. 2003. Digital Imaging and Spectral Techniques (Application to Precision Agriculture and Crop Physiology). ASA-CSSA. Special Publication, Madison, USA.
Mirkhani, F. & Alaei. H. 2015. Species diversity of indigenous Trichoderma from alkaline pistachio soils in Iran. Mycologia Iranica, 2(1): 22–37.
Moradzadeh Eskandari M. 2010. Study on the population structure of Fusarium solani isolated from potato in Khorasan provinces, determination of phylogenetic relationship among some of its formae speciales. Ph.D thesis, University of Tehran, Iran 150 pp.
Norouzi, S., Rahnama, K., Rabbani nasab, H. & Taqi nasab, M. 2014. Evaluation of efficacy of Trichoderma and Bacillus isolates in biological control of melon Fusarium wilt. Biocontrol in Plant Protection. 2(1):43–55, (In Persian)
Noble, R. & Coventry, E. 2005. Suppression of soilborne plant diseases with composts. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 15(1): 3–20.
Osiewacz, H. D. 2002. Molecular Biology of Fungal Development. Marcel Dekker, New York.
Pandey, A. & Mukerji, K.G. 2006. Biological Control of Plant Diseases. CRC, New York.
Punja, Z.K. & Utkhede, R.S. 2003. Using fungi and yeasts to manage vegetable crop diseases. Trends in Biotechnology, 21: 400–407.
Simon, A. & Sivasithamparam, K. 1989. Pathogen suppression: a case study in biological suppression of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 21: 331–337.
Thomashow, L.S. & Weller, D.M. 1988. Role of a phenazine antibiotic from Pseudomonas fluorescens in biological control of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Journal of Bacteriology, 170: 3499–3508.
Vakalounakis, D.J. 1996. Root and stem rot of cucumber caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Plant Disease, 313–313.
Vey, A., Hoagland, R.E. & Butt, T.M. 2001. Toxic metabolites of fungal biocontrol agents.pp. 311-346. In: Butt, T.M., Jackson, C. & Magan N. (eds.) Fungi as Biocontrol Agents: Progress, Problems and Potential. CAB International, Bristol.
Windham, M.T., Elad, Y. & Baker, R. 1986. A mechanism for increased plant growth induced by Trichoderma spp. Phytopathology, 76:518–552.
Yedidia, I., Benhamou, N. & Chet, I. 1999. Induction of defense responses in cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) by the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 65: 1061–1070.
Yedidia, I., Srivastva, A., Kapulink, Y. & Chet, I. 2001. Effect of Trichoderma harzianum on microelement concentration and increased growth of cucumber plants. Plant Soil , 235: 235–242.
Zaghloul, R.A., Hanafy-Ehsan, A., Neweigy, N.A. & Khalifa-Neamat A. 2007. Application of biofertilization and biological control for tomato production. Conference of Microbiology, 18–22 March, Cairo, Egypt, 198–212.
 
BioControl in Plant Protection
Volume 6, Issue 2 - Serial Number 12
February 2019
Pages 43-55

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics