Study the synergistic effects of ecdysoids and diatomaceous earth on Metarhizium anisopliae for control of date horned beetle larvae, Oryctes elegans Prell.

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Date Palm and Tropical Fruits Research Center, Horticulture Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate toxic and synergistic effects of ecdysoids compounds and diatomaceous earth on their integrated control along with the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae on date palm horned beetle larvae. In this study, the evaluated ecdysoids were Atabron, Dimilinand Nimazol. The fungal mycelium growth and spore germination were evaluated to checking the consistency of the ecdysoids compounds by extract medium mixing method. Then, the toxicity of compounds individually and in conjunction with pathogen M. anisopliae was evaluated by bioassay method. Studies revealed that mycelial growth and spore germination of M. anisopliae occurre in all ecdysoids compounds. The highest compatible index was 76.89 for concentration of 500 microliters per liter of Nimazol extract and the lowest level consistent with the incorporation of Dimilin in 1000 microliters per liter concentration. The combination of ecdysoids compounds with fungal pathogen M. anisopliae had synergistic effect on larval developmental stage of date palm horned beetle. The synergistic effect of Nimazol was higher. The use of diatomaceous earth showed mortality of horned beetle larvae with average lethal concentration equal to 1269.7 mg per liter. It also has synergistic effects on toxicity of fungal pathogen M. anisopliae and anti-synthesis chitin componds. The most powerful synergistic effects were observed in terms of mixing 50 percent lethal concentrations of diatomaceous earth, Nimazole and M. anisopliae.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Aguda, R.M., Rombach, M.C. & Shepard, B.M. 1986. Effect of "neem" oil on germination and sporulation of the entomogenous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, International Rice Research Newsletter, 11: 34–35.
Akbar, W., Lord, J., Nechols, J.R. & Howard, R.W. 2004. Diatomaceous earth increases the efficacy of Beauveria bassiana against Tribolium castaneum larvae and increases conidia attachment. Journal of Economic Entomology, 97: 273–280.
Al-Deghairi, M. 2007. Seasonal fluctuation of the date palm fruit stalk borer, Oryctes elegans Prell (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in date palm plantations in Al-Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Agricultural & Marine Sciences, 12: 67–70.
Alves, S.B., Moino, Jr.A. & Almeida, J.E.M. 1998. Produtos fitossanitários e entomopatógenos. In- Controle microbiano de insetos, ed. S.B. Alves. Fealq, São Paulo, pp. 217–238.
Athanassiou, C. & Steenberg, G.T. 2007. Insecticidal effect of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) in combination with three diatomaceous earth formulations against Sitophilus granaries (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Biological control, 40: 411–416.
Batta, Y.A. 2008. Control of main stored-grain insects with new formulations of entomopathogenic fungi in diatomaceous earth dusts. International Journal of Food Engineering, 4: 1–18.
 Boucias, D.G. & Pendland, J.C. 1991. Attachment of mycopathogens to cuticle. The initial event of mycoses in arthropod hosts, pp. 101-128. In: G.T. Cole and H.C. Hoch [eds.], The fungal spore and disease initiation in plants & animals. Plenum, New York.
Boucias, D.G., Stokes, C., Storey, G. & Pendland, J.C. 1996. The effects of imidacloprid on the termite Reticulitermes flavipes and its interaction with the mycopathogen Beauveria bassiana. Pßanzenschutz-Nachr. Bayer 49: 103–144.
Buxton, P.A. 1920. Insect pests of dates and the date palm in Mesopotamia and elsewhere. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 11: 287–303.
Dal Bello, G.M., Padín, S., Juárez, M.P., Pedrini, N. & Giusto, M. 2006. Biocontrol of Acan- thoscelides obtectus and Sitophilus orizae with diatomaceous earth and Beauveria bassiana on stored grains. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 16: 215–220.
Faulde, M.K., Tisch, E.M. & Scharninghausen, J.J. 2006. Efficacy of modified diatomaceous earth on different cockroach species (Orthoptera, Blattellidae) and silverfish (Thysanura, Lepismatidae). Journal of Pest Science, 79: 155–161.
Furlong, M.J. & Groden, E. 2001. Evaluation of synergistic interactions between the Colorado potato beetle (coleopteran chysomelidae) pathogen Beauveria bassiana and the insecticides, imidacloprid, and cyromazine. Journal of Economic Entomology, 94: 344–356.
Ehsine, M., Belkadhi, M.S. & Chaieb, M. 2009. Bio-ecologic observations on rhinoceros beetle Oryctes agamemnon (Burmeister 1847) on the palm dates oasis of Rjim Maatoug in southwestern Tunisia. Journal of Arid Land Studies, 19: 379–382.
El-Haidari, H,S. & Al-Hafi dh, E.M. 1986. Palm and date arthropod pests in the Near East & North Africa (126 pp). Regional Project for Palm & Dates Research Center in the Near East & North Africa, Food & Agriculture Organization. Baghdad: Al–Watan Press.
El-Shafie, H.A.F. 2015. Biology, ecology and management of the longhorn date palm stem borer Jebusaea hammerschmidtii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Outlooks on Pest Management, 26 (1): 20–23.
Endrödi, S. 1985. The Dynastinae of the World (Series Entomologica 28, 800 pp). The Hague: Junk.
Gonzalez, D.M.E., Valbuena, P.B.F., Rivera, M.A., Bustillo, P.A.E. & Chaves, B. 1996. Viabilidad del hongo Metarhizium anisopliae en mezcla con agroquimicos, The Revista Colombiana de Entomología, 22: 31–36.
Goettel, M.S., Hajek. A.E., Siegl, J.P. & Evans, H.C. 2001. Safety of fungal biocontrol agents. In: Butt T, Jakson MC & Magan N (Eds), Fungi as biocontrol agenta. CAB International, walling ford, UK, 346–347.
Kaakeh, W., Reid, B.L., Bohnerl, T.J. & Bennett, G.W. 1997. Toxicity of imidacloprid in the German cockroack (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). & the synergism between imidacloprid & Metarhizium anisopliae (Imperfect fungi: Hyphomycetes). Journal of Economic Entomology, 90: 473–482.
Korunic, Z. 1999. Enhanced diatomaceous earth: an alternative to methyl bromide. Australian Journal of Technology, 2: 95–104.
Lacey, L.A. & Goettel, M.S. 1995. Current development in of microbial control of insect pests & prospects for the early 21 century. Journal of Entomophaga, 40: 1–25.
Latifian, M. & Rad, B. 2012. Pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, Beauveria brongniartii Saccardo & Metarhizium anisopliae Metsch. To adult Oryctes elegans Prell, & effects on feeding & mortality. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 4: 1026–1032.
Lord, J.C. 2001. Dessicant dusts synergize the effect of Beauveria bassiana (Hyphomycetes: Moniliales) on stored grain-beetles. Journal of Economic Entomology, 94: 367–372.
Lord, J.C. 2005. Low humidity, moderate temperature and desiccant dust favor efficacy of Beauveria bassiana for the Lesser Grain Borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Col.: Bruchidae). Biological Control, 34: 180–186. 
Lord, J. C. 2007. Desiccation increases the efficacy of Beauveria bassiana for stored- grain pest insect control. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43: 535–539.
Mohan, M.C., Reddy, N.P. Devi, U.K., Kongara, R. & Sharma, H.C. 2007. Growth and insect assays of Beauveria bassiana with neem to test their compatibility and synergism. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 17 (10): 1059–1069.
Oliveira, R.C. & Neves, P.M.O.J. 2004. Compatibility of Beauveria bassiana with acaricides. Neotropical Entomology, 33(3): 353–358. 
Oliveira, D.G.P. & Alves, L.F.A. 2007. Interac ão do fungo Beauveria bassiana (Bals) Vuill. Com terra  diatomácea para o controle de Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), o cascudinho dos aviários. Bioassay, 2(1): 6–7.
Pay&eh, A. & Dehghan, A. 2010. Demography of date palm fruit stalk borer, Oryctes elegans (Col.: Scarabaeidae), on date palm under laboratory conditions. Plant Protection Journal, 2: 255–263.
Quintela, E.D. & McCoy, C.W. 1997a. Pathogenicity enhancement of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana first instars of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with sublethal doses of imidacloprid. Environmental Entomology, 26: 1173–1182.
Quintela, E.D. & McCoy, C.W. 1997b. Effects of imidacloprid on development, mobility and survival of Þrst instars of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 90: 988–995.
Quintela, E.D. & McCoy, C.W. 1998a. Synergistic effect of imidacloprid & two entomopathogenic fungi on the behavior & survival of larvae of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in soil. Journal of Economic Entomology, 91: 110–122.
Quintela, E.D., & McCoy, C.W. 1998b. Conidial attachment of Metarhizium aisopliae and Beauveria bassiana to the larval cuticle of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) treated with imidacloprid. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 72: 220–230.
Ratcliffe, B.C. & Ahmed, Z. 2010. Additions to the distribution of Scarabaeidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) in northern Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 42: 827–830.
Robertson, J.L., & Preisler, H.K. 1992. Pesticide Bioassays with Arthropods. CRC Press, London, 127pp.
Rochat, D. 2006. Trapping: Drawbacks & prospects: need for more research. In Proceedings of the first international workshop on red palm weevil, November 28–29, 2005, Valencia, Spain. Fundacion Agroalimed, Valencia, Spain 99–104.
Soltani, R. 2009. Oryctes agamemnon arabicus Fairmaire (1896): Etude bioécologique et éthologique dans les oasis de Rjim Maâtoug au sud ouest Tunisien (181 pp). Thèse de Doctorat, Institut des Sciences Agronomique, Chott Mariem, Tunisie.
Soltani, R., Chaieb, I., & Ben Hamouda, M. 2008a. The life cycle of the root borer, Oryctes agamemnon, under laboratory conditions. Journal of Insect Science, 8(6): 379–382.
Soltani, R., Ikbel, C.B & Hamouda, M. 2008b. Descriptive study of damage caused by the rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes agamemnon , & its influence on date palm oases of Rjim Maatoug, Tunisia. Journal of Insect Science, 8(6): 387–407.
Touhidul, M.D., castle, S.J. & Ren, S. 2009. Compatability of insect pathogen fuhgus Beauveria bassiana. With neen against sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, on eggplant. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 134(1): 28–34.
Vassilakos, T.N., Athanassiou, C.G., Kavallieratos, N.G. & Vayias, B.J. 2006. Influence of temperature on the insecticidal effect of Beauveria bassiana in combination with diatomaceous earth against Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae on stored wheat. Biological Control, 38: 270–281.
Vayias, B.J., Athanassiou, C.G. & Buchelos, C.T. 2006. Evaluation of three diatoma- ceous earth and one natural pyrethrum formulations against pupae of Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on wheat & flour. Journal of Crop Protection, 25: 766–772.
Ying, S.H., Feng, M.G., & Xu, S.T. 2003. Field efficacy of emulsifiable suspensions of Beauveria bassiana conidia for control of Myzus persicae population on cabbage. The Journal of Applied Ecology, 14: 545–548.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Volume 7, Issue 1 - Serial Number 13
September 2019
Pages 15-27

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics