Conversion of spent mushroom compost to a solid substrate for mass production of an entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria fumosorosea (Wize)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 1-Safi Abad Agricultural Education and Natural Resources Research Center. 2- Jolgeh Dez Agri. Co

2 Professor, Forestry faculty, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.

3 Professor, Agriculture faculty, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.

4 Associate professor, Agriculture faculty, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.

5 MSc plant pathology, Khuzestan, Jolgeh Dez Agricultural Company (Dezful mushroom), Dezful, Iran.

10.22092/bcpp.2022.359835.320

Abstract

Spent mushroom compost (SMC), an organic waste produced from mushroom production farms it is a complex waste management issue in many developing countries and developed countries. In this study, an effort to convert the waste into a beneficial use was carried out. Composts from varying stages of fermentations in a mushroom production line were chemically analysed and tested for their suitability for mass production of an entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria fumosorosea (Wize). The result shows that the compost taken from early fermentation stages did not support the growth of I. fumosorosea, the fungus, however, grew well thereafter on substrates from the mushroom harvesting stage and SMC. The conidia from the SMC not only remained as pathogenic as conidia from rice to its target pest, Bemisia tabaci but they were also more resistant to UV–B radiation and have a longer shelf life than conidia from rice. These properties indicated that SMC can be used as a solid substrate for mass production of the entomopathogenic fungus, I. fumosorosea for an environmentally friendly fungal–based biopesticide.
.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Ali, S., Huang, Z. & Ren, S.X. 2009. Media composition influences on growth, enzyme activity and virulence of the entomopathogen hyphomycetes Isaria fumosorosea. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 131: 30–38.
Alves, R.T., Bateman, R.P., Gunn, J., Prior, C. & Leather, S.R. 2002. Effect of different formulations on viability and medium-term storage of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia. Neotropical Entomology, 31: 91– 99.
Balan, V., Souca, L.D.C., Chundawat, S.P.S., Vismeh, R., Jones, A.D. & Dale, B.E. 2008. Mushroom spent straw: a potential substrate for an ethanol–based biorefinery. The Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 35: 293–301.
Behle, G. & Robert, W. 2009. Evaluation of soyscreen in an oil–based formulation for UV protection of Beauveria bassiana conidia. Journal of Economic Entomology, 5: 1759–1766.
Bernal, M.P., Paredes, C., Sa´nchez–Monedero, M.A. & Cegarra, J. 1998. Maturity and stability parameters of composts with a wide range of organic wastes. Bioresource Technology, 63: 91–99.
Braga, G.U.L., Flint, S.D., Messias, C.L., Anderson, A.J. & Roberts, D.W. 2001. Effects of UVB irradiance on conidia and germinants of the entomopathogenic hyphomycete Metarhizium anisopliae: a study of reciprocity and recovery. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, 73: 140–146.
Bremner, J.M. & Mulvaney, C.S. 1982. Total nitrogen. pp. 1119–1123. In: Page, A.L., Miller, R.H. and Keeny, D. R. (eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis, American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, Madison.
Castilho, L.R., Polato, C.M.S., Baruque, E.A., Sant’Anna, Jr.G.L. & Freire, D.M.G. 2000. Economic analysis of lipase production by Penicillium restrictum in solid–state and submerged fermentations. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 4: 239–247.
Cheong, Y.L., Sajap, A.S., Hafidzi, M.N., Omar, D. & Abood, F. 2013. Effects of UV–B and solar radiation on the efficacy of Isaria fumosorosea and Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycetes: Hyphomycetes) for controlling bagworm, Pteroma pendula (Lepidoptera: Psychidae). Journal of Entomology, 10: 53–65.
Chong, C. & Rinker, D.L. 1994. Use of spent mushroom substrate for growing containerized woody ornamentals: an overview. Compost Science & Utilization, 2: 45–53.
Eggen, T. 1999. Application of fungal substrate from commercial mushroom production Pleuorotus ostreatus for bioremediation of creosote contaminated soil. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 44: 117–126.
Gao, L., Sun, M.H., Liu, X.Z. & Che, Y.S. 2007. Effects of carbon concentration and carbon to nitrogen ratio on the growth and sporulation of several biocontrol fungi. Mycological Research, 111: 87–92.
Gao, L. 2011. A novel method to optimize culture conditions for biomass and sporulation of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria Bassiana IBC1201. The Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 42: 1574–1584.             
Gonani, Z., Riahi, H. & Sharifi, K. 2011. Impact of using leached spent mushroom compost as a partial growing media for horticultural plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 34: 337–344.
Hunter, D.M., Milner, R.J. & Spurgin, P.A. 2001. Aerial treatment of the Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Orthoptera: Acrididae) with Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 91: 93–99.
Jackson, M.A., Mcguire, M.R., Lacey, L.A. & Wraight, S.P. 1997. Liquid culture production of desiccation tolerant blastospores of the bioinsecticidal fungus Paecilomyces fumosoroseus. Mycological Research, 101: 35–41.
Jayawardane, N.S. & Chan, K.Y. 1994. The management of soil physical properties limiting crop production in Australian sodic soils – a review.  Australian Journal of Soil Research, 32: 13–44.
Jenkin, N.E. & Prior, C. 1993. Growth and formation of true conidia by Metarhizium flavoviridae in a simple liquid–media. Mycological Research, 97: 1489–1494.
Jonathan, S.G., Lawal, M.M. & Oyetunji, O.J. 2011. Effect of spent mushroom compost of Pleurotus pulmonarius on growth performance of four Nigerian vegetables. Mycobiology, 39: 164–169.
Jordan, S.N., Mullen, G.J. & Murphy, M.C. 2008. Composition variability of spent mushroom compost in Ireland. Bioresource Technology, 99: 411–418.
Kleyn, J.G. & Wetzler, T.F. 1981. The microbiology of spent mushroom compost and its dust. The Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 27: 748–753.
Krishna, C. 2005. Solid–state fermentation systems – an overview. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 25: 1–30.
Leland, J. & Behle, R. 2005. Coating Beauveria bassiana 1 with lignin for protection from solar radiation and effects on pathogenicity to Lygus lineolaris (Heteroptera: Miridae). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 15: 309–320.
Lyons, G., Kilpatrick, M., Sharma, H.S., Noble, R., Dobrovin–Pennington, A., Hobbs, P., Andrews, F. & Carmichael, E. 2008. Characterization of recycled mushroom compost leachate by chemical analysis and thermogravimetry–mass spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56: 6488–6497.      
Mar, T.T., Suwannarach, N. & Lumyong, S. 2012. Isolation of entomopathogenic fungi from Northern Thailand and their production in cereal grains. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 28: 3281–3291.
Marín–Benito, J.M., Andrades, M.S., Sánchez–Martín, M.J. & Rodríguez–Cruz, M.S. 2012. Dissipation of fungicides in a vineyard soil amended with different spent mushroom substrates. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 60: 6936–6945.
Medina, E.C., Paredes, C., Pérez–Murcia, M.D., Bustamante, M.A. & Moral, R. 2009. Spent mushroom substrates as component of growing media for germination and growth of horticultural plants. Bioresource Technology, 100: 4227–4232.
Pecchia, J., Beyer, D.M. & Wuest, P.J. 2001. The effects of poultry manure–based formulations on odor generation during Phase I mushroom composting. Compost Science & Utilization, 10: 188−196.
Riahi, H., Afagh, H.V. & Sheidai, M. 1998. The first report of spent mushroom compost (SMC) leaching from Iran. Acta Horticulturae, 469: 473–480.
Sharma, H.S.S., Lyons, G. & Chamber, S.J. 2000. Comparison of the changes in mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) compost during windrow and bunker stages of phase I and II. Annals of Applied Biology, 136: 59–68.
SAS Institute. 1999. SAS System for Windows, release 8.00. SAS Institute, Cary, NC. Shah F A, Wang C S, Butt TM. 2005. Nutrition influences growth and virulence of the insectpathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 251: 259–266.
Walkley, A. & Black, I.A. 1934. An examination of different methods for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37: 29–37.
Ye, S.D., Ying, S.H., Chen, C & Feng, M.G. 2006. New solid–state fermentation chamber for bulk production of aerial conidia of fungal biocontrol agents on rice. Biotechnology Letters, 28: 799–804.
Yeo, H., Pell, J.K., Alderson, P.G., Clark, S.J. & Pye, B.J. 2003. Laboratory evaluation of temperature effects on the germination and growth of entomopathogenic fungi and their pathogenicity to three aphid species. Pest Management Science, 59: 156–165.
Zhang, C.K., Gong, F. & Li, D.S. 1995. A note on the utilisation of spent mushroom composts in animal feeds. Bioresource Technology, 52: 89–91.
BioControl in Plant Protection
Volume 10, Issue 1
August 2022
Pages 195-204

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics