Effect of matrine, a herbal insecticide derived from shrubby sophora extract, against populations of cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus in wheat fields compared to conventional insecticides

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Research Center of Agricultural and Natural Resources of Mazandaran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Sari, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Plant Protection Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Research Department, Research Center of Agricultural and Natural Resources of Ardabil, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Moghan, Iran

10.22092/bcpp.2024.366965.373

Abstract

Cereal leaf beetle Oulema melanopus L. is one of the most important pests of wheat that its population and damage have increased in recent years in some regions of Iran. Despite the need to introduce effective insecticides, no insecticide had been registered against the cereal leaf beetle in Iran due to the limited damage caused by this pest in previous years. The chemical pesticides, especially pyrethroid and organic phosphorus insecticides, are widely used in wheat fields. So, increasing the application of chemical insecticides with the aim of the pest control will increase environmental concerns. However, botanical insecticides can be considered as a suitable replacement for chemical insecticides. This research was conducted to present a control solution for cereal leaf beetle using the herbal insecticide matrine compared to conventional chemical insecticides in wheat fields. Matrine is derived from the extract of the shrubby sophora Sophora flavescens Aiton. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block design with five treatments and four replications in Ardabil, Tehran, Golestan and Mazandaran provinces. The treatments included matrine 0.6% SL (1.5 and 2 ml/L), deltamethrin 2.5% EC (0.3 ml/L), fenitrothion 50% EC (1 ml/L) and control (water). Foliar spraying was done when most of the eggs had hatched and the larvae were in their early stages. Sampling was performed on four occasions: one day before and 3, 7, and 14 days after spraying. For sampling, all the larvae on 30 randomly selected wheat stalks in each experimental unit were counted. The results showed that all the insecticides were effective in reducing the population of cereal leaf beetle. Based on the average results obtained in the provinces where results were consistent 7 days after treatment, deltamethrin, fenitrothion, matrine 2 ml/L and matrine 1.5 ml/L caused 92.69, 76.10, 90.81 and 86.38% mortality in cereal leaf beetle larvae, respectively. While deltamethrin demonstrated the highest efficiency the pest, its difference from matrine was not statistically significant. The highest and lowest efficiency of matrine was recorded in Tehran and Golestan provinces, respectively. Given the similar efficacy of the two concentrations of matrine against O. melanopus, the application of matrine at 1.5 ml/L can be recommended for controlling the cereal leaf beetle.
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References

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BioControl in Plant Protection
Volume 11, Issue 1
August 2023
Pages 125-133

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