The impact of irrigation methods, sowing date and non-chemical control on the damage caused by the bean pod borer Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Plant Protection Research Department, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Arak, Iran.

2 Ph.D. Plant Protection Research Department, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Arak, Iran.

10.22092/bcpp.2025.371179.403

Abstract

In order to investigate the efficacy of non–chemical control, two irrigation methods (drip and sprinkler), two planting dates, and damage caused by the bean pod borer Helicoverpa armigera, an experiment was conducted over two growing seasons (2022–2023 and 2023–2024) in a strip split plot design within a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Arak Research Station. The irrigation factor was applied as a strip to the main plots, with two levels: sprinkler and drip irrigation. Non–chemical pest control treatments factor had two levels, including the application of biological and low–risk insecticides Bacillus thuringiensis (Biolap)­®and RoyAgro (Matrine)® at the manufacturer–recommended concentrations. The planting date factor consisted of two levels: the region’s typical planting date and 15 days before this typical date (early planting), arranged factorially in the subplots. The greatest effect of the non–chemical treatments was observed under the drip irrigation method and the first planting date (early planting) for the biological and low–risk insecticide RoyAgro (Matrine) ® three days after spraying, with reductions of 75.86% and 69.82% in the first and second years, respectively. The highest average yield (kg per hectare) in the first year (2906.48) and second year (2515.21) were observed in the interaction of drip irrigation × first planting date × application of RoyAgro (Matrine) ®biological and low–risk insecticide. The use of early planting, drip irrigation, and non–chemical and low–risk control methods can be recommended as a sustainable approach for managing the bean pod borer in infested areas.
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References

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BioControl in Plant Protection
Volume 12, Issue 2
December 2025
Pages 33-48

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