ارزیابی کارآیی قارچکش زیستی کانگ‌می (Bacillus subtilis WP) در مدیریت لکه‌موجی گوجه‌فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران.

2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات کنترل بیولوژیک، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

4 محقق، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران.

5 محقق، بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران.

10.22092/bcpp.2023.363476.347

چکیده

روش رایج مدیریت بیماری لکه موجی گوجه‌فرنگی در ایران استفاده از قارچ­‌کش­‌های شیمیایی­ است. در پژوهش حاضر کارایی قارچ­‌کش زیستی کانگ ­می با دوزهای مصرفی 0/75 در هزار، یک در هزار و 1/25 در هزار با قارچ­کش­ ایمنوکتادین تریس و شاهد بدون استفاده از قارچ­‌کش مقایسه شد. آزمایش در استان­‌های فارس و خراسان رضوی و در قالب طرح بلوک­‌های کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار و هر تیمار مشتمل بر چهار تکرار انجام شد. محلول­‌پاشی اول پس از مرحلة گلدهی، محلول‌­پاشی دوم با مشاهدة اولین علائم بیماری و محلول‌­پاشی سوم تا پنجم در بازه­‌های زمانی هفت روزه انجام شد. ارزیابی تیمارها شش مرتبه و بر اساس گسترش لکه‌­های ناشی از بیماری در برگ­‌ها با استفاده از مقیاس ارزیابی پیشرفت بیماری و نمره‌­دهی به آن­ها انجام و داده‌های حاصل با استفاده از نرم‌­افزار SAS تجزیه و تحلیل آماری شد. نتایج نشان داد قارچ­‌کش بلکیوت بیشترین تأثیر را در کاهش شدت بیماری دارد و قارچ­کش زیستی کانگ­می  با دوز 1/25 در هزار بیشترین کارایی را در میان دوزهای مورد بررسی داشته و سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری (AUDPC) را در مقایسه با شاهد در استان­‌های فارس و خراسان رضوی به ترتیب 30/16% و 33/21% کاهش می­‌دهد. با توجه به اثرات سوء استفاده از قارچ­کش­های شیمیایی برای سلامتی انسان و محیط زیست و کاهش شدت بیماری لکه موجی گوجه فرنگی پس از استفاده از قارچ­کش زیستی کانگ­ می، این فرآورده با دوز 1/25 در هزار در مزارع گوجه ­فرنگی کشور به منظور تولید محصول سالم قابل استفاده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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