کنترل بیولوژیک بیماری بلاست مرکبات با استفاده از چند گونه مخمر به‌دست آمده از باغات مرکبات شمال ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه بیماری‌‌‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

2 دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشگاه UIB، اسپانیا

چکیده

بلاست مرکبات یکی از مهم‌ترین بیماری‌های مرکبات در استان‌های شمالی کشور می‌باشد که توسط چند گونه از باکتری بیمارگر سودوموناس (Pseudomonas spp.) ایجاد می‌شود. این بیماری در شرایط اقلیمی مساعد، خسارت‌های قابل توجهی را به باغات مرکبات وارد می‌سازد. در این بررسی، سعی شد تا از باغات مرکبات شمال کشور، مخمرهایی جداسازی و معرفی شوند که دارای توان کنترل بیولوژیک قابل قبولی علیه این بیمارگر باشند. ارزیابی در شرایط گلخانه‌با مایه‌زنی یک جدایه از باکتری بیماریزایPseudomonas syringae روی رقم نارنج صورت گرفت. پاشش مخمر سه بار و با فاصله های­زمانی دو روزه انجام شد و پس از آن، مایه‌زنی بیمارگر صورت گرفت. تجزیه‌و تحلیل آماری نتایج آزمایش براساس طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و مقایسه‌ی میانگین‌ها با استفاده از آزمون چند دامنه‌ی دانکن اجرا شد. برای شناسایی جدایه‌های برتر، ناحیه‌ی ITS آن‌ها با به‌کارگیری پرایمرهای ITS1 و ITS4 تکثیر و تعیین توالی شد. با مقایسه‌ی نتایج در پایگاه اینترنتی NCBI، مخمرهایSporobolomyces ruberrimus، Cryptococcus albidus، C. magnus و Rhodotorula sp.. به‌عنوان آنتاگونیست‌های برتر شناسایی شدند. براساس نتایج، S. ruberrimusمؤثرترین مخمر بوده و بیماری را بهتر از سایر گونه‌ها کنترل نمود. 

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