بررسی اثرات تلفیقی سرکه‌ی چوب و تی‌کمپوست بر بیماری‌های پوسیدگی ریشه و زوال بوته و پوسیدگی ذغالی ریشه خربزه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد آشتیان، ایران

2 مؤسسه‌ی تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پوسیدگی ریشه و زوال بوته‌با عامل Monosporascus cannonballus و پوسیدگی ذغالی ریشه بر اثر Macrophomina phaseolina از بیماری‌های مهم خربزه در اکثر مناطق کشت آن در ایران می‌باشد. در این پژوهش، اثرات ضد قارچی سرکه‌ی چوب بر رشد این قارچ‌ها در شرایط آزمایشگاه به همراه تأثیر توأم سرکه‌ی چوب و تی‌کمپوست، درکنترل M. cannonballus در گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بررسی متابولیت‌های سرکه‌ی چوب با اضافه نمودن قرص‌های قارچی فعال و جوان به تشتک‌های حاوی محیط کشت PDA با غلظت‌های 025/0، 05/0، 125/0، 25/0، 37/0، 5/0، 75/0 و 0 درصد حجمی سرکه‌ی چوب انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که ترکیبات سرکه‌ی چوب باعث کاهش معنی‌دار رشد میسیلیومی  M. cannonballusو M. phaseolina در سطح %5 شدند. در گلخانه بذور خربزه در خاک گلدان‌های حاوی %15 حجمی تی‌کمپوست و آلوده به M. cannonballusکشت گردید. سه غلظت ‌از سرکه‌ی‌‌چوب (125/0، 25/0 و 5/0) که بیشترین کارایی را در بررسی‌های آزمایشگاهی داشتند، به خاک گلدان‌ها اضافه شدند. ارزیابی تیمارها نشان داد که هر سه غلظت سرکه‌ی ‌چوب باعث کاهش معنی‌دار شدت بیماری نسبت به شاهد شدند. همچنین تلفیق سرکه‌ی چوب و ‌تی‌کمپوست، سبب کاهش شدت بیماری به میزان 94 درصد و افزایش وزن ریشه و تاج گیاه به میزان 8 و 25 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد گردید (05/0=α). 

کلیدواژه‌ها

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