ارزیابی میزان پارازیتیسم تخم بید گوجه‌فرنگی Tuta absoluta توسط جمعیت‌های بومی زنبور Trichogramma brassicae در شرایط آزمایشگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد

2 هیات علمی

چکیده

بید گوجه‌فرنگیTuta absoluta  یکی از آفات مهم گوجه‌فرنگی در بسیاری از نقاط دنیاست که همه‌ی مراحل رشدی گیاه میزبان را مورد حمله قرار داده و در صورت عدم کنترل به نابودی کامل محصول منجر خواهد ‌شد. یکی از روش‌های کنترل این آفت، استفاده از عوامل کنترل بیولوژیک از جمله زنبورهای Trichogramma (Hym: Trichogrammatidae) می‌باشد. در این بررسی میزان پذیرش و پارازیتیسم تخم  T. absolutaتوسط شش جمعیت بومی زنبور Trichogramma brassicae درشرایط آزمایشگاه (1±25 درجه‌ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی10±70 درصد، دوره‌ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی) مقایسه شد. آزمایش‏ها با استفاده از گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی رقم نانهمز 6189 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 12 تکرار انجام شد. برای هر جمعیت، زنبورهای ماده‌ جفت‌گیری کرده با طول عمر کمتر از 24 ساعت، به‏صورت انفرادی روی برگچه‏های حاوی30 عدد تخم‏ تازه‏ی بید گوجه‌فرنگی (به‌صورت مساوی، 15 عدد در هریک از سطوح برگ) به‌مدت 24 ساعت درون ظروف پلاستیکی استوانه‏ای شکل (5/8×11 سانتی‏متر) قرار داده شدند. سپس برگ‏ها به‏مدت پنج روز در اتاق حرارت ثابت نگهداری و میزان پارازیتیسم تخمT. absoluta توسط جمعیت‌های بومی T. brassicae تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد میزان پذیرش و پارازیتیسم تخم بید گوجه‌فرنگی توسط جمعیت‏های‌ بومی زنبور T. brassicae به‏صورت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر تفاوت دارد. بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین درصد پارازیتیسم به‌میزان 34/9±89/53 و 05/4±94/6 به‌ترتیب مربوط به جمعیت‌های بابلسر و صومعه‌سرا بود. میانگین درصد پارازیتیسم تخم‌های T. absoluta توسط هر یک از جمعیت‌های زنبور در سطوح رویی و زیرین برگ تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت.

 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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