اثرات دوز زیرکشنده حشره‌کش‌های دیمتوات، ایمیداکلوپراید و تیودیکارب بر پارامترهای زیستی زنبور پارازیتوئید Aenasius bambawalei (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ایران

چکیده

زنبور پارازیتوئید داخلی Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Hym.: Encyrtidae) یکی از پارازیتوئیدهای موثر شپشک آردآلود پنبه،Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hem.: Pseudococcidae)  در ایران می­باشد. از آنجایی‌که دشمنان طبیعی به تنهایی قادر به نگه­داشتن جمعیت این شپشک زیر سطح زیان اقتصادی نمی­باشند، بنابراین استفاده از سموم شیمیایی اجتناب‌ناپذیر است. در این پژوهش اثر دوزهای زیرکشنده 5/0، 1 و 25 پی­پی­ام به‌ترتیب از حشره­کش­های دیمتوات، تیودیکارب و ایمیداکلوپراید بر پارامترهای زیستی و بقای این پارازیتوئید در شرایط آزمایشگاهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که باروری زنبور در تیمارهای حشره­کش­ها کاهش یافته و طول دوره پیش از بلوغ کل (TPOP) افزایش نشان داد، اما طول دوره پیش از تخم‌ریزی حشره بالغ (APOP) و طول عمر ماده­ها تغییری نداشت. همچنین نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (rm)، نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت )λ) و نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0) در تیمارهای دیمتوات و تیودیکارب نسبت به شاهد کاهش معنی­داری داشتند، ولی در تیمار ایمیداکلوپراید، این اختلاف معنی‌دار نبود. براساس این نتایج، حشره‌کش ایمیداکلوپراید اثرات منفی کمتری نسبت به دو حشره‌کش دیگر بر پارامترهای رشدی و جدول زندگی زنبور پارازیتوئید A. bambawalei داشت.

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