بررسی کارایی چهار سویه Bacillus spp.در مهار زیستی بیماری آنتراکنوز توت‌فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگر پسا دکتری، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان

2 استاد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

10.22092/bcpp.2022.128711

چکیده

سویه ­های باکتریایی از گیاهچه­ های توت­ فرنگی (Fragaria × ananassa) از مزارع استان کردستان جداسازی و تاثیر ضد قارچی آن­ها بر قارچ عامل آنتراکنوز Colletotrichum nymphaeae در شرایط آزمایشگاه، درون شیشه و گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سویه­­ های باکتریایی اندوفیت با استفاده از مشخصات بیوشیمیایی و مولکولی  ژن 16S rDNA تشخیص داده شد و در جنس Bacillus spp. قرار گرفتند. در آزمون کشت متقابل درصد بازدارندگی از رشد پرگنه قارچ بیمارگر در سویه MarG19 04/%64، در سویه SN3 59/%60، در سویه DM6 57/%61 و در سویه LN11 18/%54 محاسبه شد. ترکیبات خارج سلولی هر چهار سویه باعث کاهش معنی­ دار رشد پرگنه و جوانه ­زنی قارچ بیمارگر شدند. درصد بازدارندگی از رشد پرگنه قارچ بیمارگر توسط سویه MarG19 02/%79، سویه SN3 95/%41، سویه DM6 86/%32 و سویه LN11 96/%34 برآورد شد و درصد بازدارندگی بر جوانه‌زنی اسپور قارچ بیمارگر در سویه MarG19 31/%86، در سویه SN3 33/%75، در سویه DM6 10/%41 و در سویه LN11 73/%76 محاسبه گردید. ترکیبات فرّار هر چهار سویه به صورت جزیی باعث کاهش رشد پرگنه قارچ بیمارگر به میزان 73/7% تا 64/%19 شدند. در شرایط درون شیشه درصد بازدارندگی از شدت بیماری در سویه MarG19 19/%71، در سویه SN3 15/%76، در سویه DM6 07/%88 و در سویه LN11 43/%85 ارزیابی شد. علاوه بر این، تاثیر هر دو سویه در شرایط گلخانه به دو روش خیساندن خاک و اسپری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت که بیشترین درصد بازدارندگی در سویه‌های MarG19 و DM6 در روش خیساندن خاک (77/77%) و در سویه SN3 در روش اسپری (100%) محاسبه شد.

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