تاثیر تیمار گیاه فلفل با قارچTrichoderma harzianum و jasmonic acid روی پراسنجه‌های جدول زندگی کنه شکارگر Amblyseius swirskii با تغذیه از تریپس غربی گل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای حشره شناسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 استاد کنه شناسی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

3 استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

10.22092/bcpp.2023.363134.342

چکیده

کنه شکارگر Amblyseius swirskii Athias and Henrioti یکی از عوامل کنترل بیولوژیک چندخوار موثر در مهار آفاتی نظیر تریپس-ها، سفیدبالک‌ها و کنه‌های تارتن است. در حال حاضر از این عامل برای مهار تریپس غربی گل، Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) و برخی دیگر از آفات استفاده می‌شود، ولی در مواقع طغیان جمعیت آفت از کارایی آن کاسته شده و بکارگیری روش-های مکمل برای مهار جمعیت آفت ضروری می‌باشد. در این پژوهش، اثر تیمار گیاه فلفل رنگی رقم لورکا، با هورمون جاسمونیک اسید (0/5 میلی‌مولار)، قارچ Trichoderma harzianum Rifai T22 (10 میلی‌لیتر سوسپانسیون اسپور با غلظت 107 اسپور، به ازای هر گیاهچه) و تلفیق هورمون جاسمونیک اسید با قارچ تریکودرما (JA + Th) بر ویژگی‌های زیستی و پراسنجه‌های جدول زندگی کنه شکارگر A. swirskii با تغذیه از تریپس غربی گل بررسی شد. آزمایش با 80 تکرار برای هر تیمار در شرایط ثابت محیطی (دمای 1±25 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5±65 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی) انجام شد. براساس نتایج، طولانی‌ترین دوره رشد و نمو مراحل نابالغ (9/41 روز) و کوتاه‌ترین دوره رشد و نمو مراحل نابالغ (7/94 روز) به ترتیب در تیمار JA + Th و شاهد و همچنین کوتاه-ترین طول عمر افراد بالغ ماده شکارگر (24/92 روز) در تیمار JA + Th مشاهده شد. تمامی پراسنجه‌های جدول زندگی شکارگر، تفاوت معنی‌داری را نشان دادند. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار پراسنجه‌های نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) به ترتیب 0/1688 و 0/1300 برروز، نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0) به ترتیب 24/49 و 11/71 نتاج ماده و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) به ترتیب 1/184 و 1/139 بر روز به ترتیب برای شاهد و تیمار JA + Th تخمین زده شد. نتایج این بررسی در بکارگیری کنه شکارگر A. swirskii همراه با تیمار JA + Th می‌تواند در برنامه‌های مدیریت تلفیقی تریپس غربی گل مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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