بررسی میزان مرگ ‏و میر نماتدDitylenchus dipsaci تحت تاثیر ساپونین‏های چند اکوتیپ‏ یونجه (Medicago sativa)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار بازنشسته، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 دانش ‏آموخته سابق دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه گیاه‌‏پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

10.22092/bcpp.2023.363525.346

چکیده

نماتد ساقه یونجه یکی از عوامل مخرب محصولات اقتصادی از جمله یونجه، سیر، پیاز و لاله محسوب می‏گردد. در پژوهش حاضر، اثر ساپونین ‏های اندام ‏های هوایی شش اکوتیپ یونجه بر مرگ‏ و میر نماتد ساقه یونجه در شرایط آزمایشگاه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که از بین تیمارهای ساپونین خام، غلظت 90 میکرولیتر از اکوتیپ ‏های همدانی و فیض با 96 درصد، بیشترین و غلظت 50 میکرولیتر از اکوتیپ محلی میاندوآب با 42 درصد، کمترین تأثیر را بر مرگ و میر نماتد ساقه یونجه داشتند. هم‏چنین در بین ساپونین‏های خالص، غلظت 50 میکرولیتر از اکوتیپ‏‏های همدانی، پلی‏کراس شیراز و فیض با 99 درصد و غلظت 10 میکرولیتری اکوتیپ نیشابوری با 68 درصد، به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین تأثیر را بر مرگ و میر نماتد نشان ‏دادند. در بیشتر اکوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی، افزایش غلظت ساپونین خام از 50 به 90 میکرولیتر افزایش 54 درصدی مرگ و میر و ساپونین خالص از 10 به 50 میکرولیتر منجر به افزایش 31 درصدی مرگ ‏و میر نماتد شد. بدین معنی که بین میزان مرگ ‏و میر نماتد ساقه یونجه و غلظت ساپونین خام و خالص اکوتیپ­های یونجه رابطه مستقیمی وجود داشت. بر این اساس اکوتیپ‌های همدانی، فیض و پلی‌کراس شیراز بیشترین و اکوتیپ‌های محلی میاندوآب و نیشابوری کمترین تأثیر را بر مرگ و میر این نماتد داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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